O PARTICÍPIO PASSADO the past participle

TO FORM THE PAST PARTICIPLE

- Drop the infinitive ending -AR, -ER, -IR, and add -ADO to verbs of the first conjugation and -IDO to verbs of the second and third conjugations.

CantAR ('to sing') -> CantADO ('sung')

VendER ('to sell') -> VendIDO ('sold')

PedIR ('to ask') -> PedIDO ('asked')

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IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES

Several verbs have irregular past participles. Some of them are:

Abrir ('to open') -> Aberto ('opened')

Escrever ('to write') -> Escrito ('written')

Fazer ('to do') -> Feito ('done')

Ganhar ('to gain, earn') -> Ganho ('gained, earned')

Pagar ('to pay') -> Pago ('paid')

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Note the use of the past participle with the verb "ESTAR":

Está escrito no caderno 'It is written in the notebook'

A casa está vendida 'The house is sold'

A conta já está paga 'The bill has been paid already'